1 articles
Disease is not sudden; it is the result of capacity reserve progressively collapsing along five lines of defense. Starting from the first principle that 'life is a collection of capacities to adapt to the environment,' and drawing on landmark studies on Aging Hallmarks, epigenetic clocks, organ aging, immunosenescence and metabolic imbalance, this article derives a Five-Lines-of-Defense framework for healthy aging: phenotypic early warning, organ function, metabolic homeostasis, immune repair, and Aging Hallmarks. The essence of health management is to continuously monitor and repair capacity reserve before disease becomes clinically manifest.
2026-07-08